Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogenic agents that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be caused both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms that are always present in the man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococci.A healthy organism is able to suppress infection, but inflammation develops against the background of reduced immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is due to congestion in the pelvic organs - impaired blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretion.Factors that provoke the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- lowered immunity;
- lack of physical activity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
Congestive prostatitis is believed to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of a lack of physical activity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disturbed.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.The lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in the tone of the prostate gland and stagnation of secretions.This provokes swelling of the organ and development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to exhaustion of the organ and can also cause the development of the disease.
According to the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is due to the compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis is treated quite successfully with the timely application of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of the male's sexual function and various disorders of the excretory system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.Exacerbations of the disease are mainly associated with reduced immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretions is performed, ultrasound and MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increasing immunity;
- physiotherapy methods;
- dietary therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.In infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is based on the results of the prostate analysis.
In non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking drugs to improve immunity.These can be both local means (rectal suppositories) and immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of drugs is made only by a doctor.
In bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is the fight against infections;for stagnant prostatitis is to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications to relieve symptoms that normalize prostate function and improve well-being.In case of infectious prostatitis, the basis of therapy is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are used quite rarely in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and a large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that provoke the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs from this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of the drugs.
However, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages are in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance by the body and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are antimicrobial drugs with a broad spectrum of action, which have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that do not have natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.The therapy takes at least 28 days, the drug is taken in 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and dosage regimen are selected by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such drugs have a symptomatic effect, relieve pain and stop the inflammatory process.It is recommended to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters the tissue of the prostate gland directly.
In infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but in non-infectious prostatitis, they represent the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
For the treatment of congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate gland of young bulls.The drug improves the trophic state of the prostate, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.In non-infectious prostatitis, a long time is used to treat inflammation.In case of bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
Suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed for congestive prostatitis.Such drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to increase immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is exposed to various drugs.To avoid re-development of the disease after a course of treatment, a set of measures to increase immunity is indicated.
For this purpose, the following is prescribed:
- preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- complex of vitamins;
- vitamin E.
For the normal functioning of the prostate gland, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary. Urologists often prescribe bioactive nutritional supplements with a high content of these substances.
It is also recommended that you take a course of vitamins designed specifically for men.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections with echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
In case of chronic prostatitis, a complex of vitamins should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massage
In case of chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to remove congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of impact, darsonvalization are usually used.With bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used, as they can provoke the spread of pathogenic agents in the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is disturbed, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist - urologist or proctologist.The massage course is from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, removes lymph stagnation and normalizes the outflow of secretions from the prostate.The course of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is performed only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation in which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute retention of urine.In this case, an operation is performed and a catheter is installed to remove urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can develop, as a result of which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed during which the areas of compaction are removed with a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
The overall treatment of prostatitis includes a change in lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for inflammation of the prostate is not strict, but it excludes all fast foods, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include in your diet foods that are good for men's health:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed and olive oil;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus fruits;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
An important role is played by the sex life of the patient.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it exhausts the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.